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--- banana_slug_biology [2010/04/24 06:35]
galt
+++ banana_slug_biology [2015/07/15 20:29]
ceisenhart removed
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 ======Banana Slug Biology======
+===== Presentation of John Pearse and Jan Leonard =====
+Presented to the BME235 Slug Genome class on April 23, 2010, this website [[http://compbio.soe.ucsc.edu/slugGenome/|http://compbio.soe.ucsc.edu/slugGenome/]] contains a pdf "All About Banana Slugs".
 =====Taxonomy=====
 The term "banana slug" refers to any member of the genus //Ariolimax//, of which there are three species. They are part of the mollusc superfamily Arionoidea, which contains most terrestrial air-breathing slugs.  Within //Ariolimax//, there are three species: //A. columbianus//, //A. californicus//, and //A. dolichophallus//, which is the UC Santa Cruz mascot.
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 Banana slugs have been shown to have a mutually symbiotic relationship with the redwood tree, //Sequoia sempervirens//.  The slugs do not eat the seedlings of the redwood tree, preferring even cardboard over redwood trees.  Instead, they eat plant species that compete with redwoods for light, water, and nutrients.  In exchange for this, the redwoods provide the slugs with the cool, moist habitat that they need.((http://bss.sfsu.edu/holzman/courses/fall00projects/bananaslug.html))
-Banana slugs are hermaphroditic, possessing both male and female genitalia.  Though they are capable of self-fertilization, cross mating is more typical slug behavior.  When a slug is ready to mate, it will release pheromones into its slime as a signal to other slugs.  The slugs release sperm into each other and fertilize the eggs.  After mating, the slugs will gnaw off each others male genitalia to disengage.  Sperm collected in this fashion can be stored internally for several months, to allow immature eggs to fully develop before fertilization.
+Banana slugs are hermaphroditic, possessing both male and female genitalia.  Though they are capable of self-fertilization, cross mating is more typical slug behavior.  When a slug is ready to mate, it will release pheromones into its slime as a signal to other slugs.  The slugs release sperm into each other and fertilize the eggs.  Sperm collected in this fashion can be stored internally for several months, to allow immature eggs to fully develop before fertilization.  After mating, one of the slugs will sometimes gnaw off the other's male genitalia to disengage (or perhaps it's own—observations are difficult), a process known as apophallation.
 Many animals are predators of the banana slug, including birds, raccoons, snakes, and salamanders.  However, due to the mucous secreted by the slug, most such predators will roll the slug around in the dirt to remove the slime before eating the slug.((http://www.greatwildoutdoors.com/2007/09/10/banana-slug/))
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 To find the rather sparse literature on //A. dolichophallus// requires doing sensitive literature searches, then weeding the results to get higher specificity.  This section should list searches tried, how many hits they got, and what sort of specificity they had.  The results should be collected in the Annotated Bibliography section.
+  * Google Books search
+    * //dolichophallus// as the sole keyword gets 147 hits.  Many of them are not relevant (wrong genus).
+    * //dolichophallus -xenophthalmodes// reduces the hits to 129
+    * //dolichophallus -xenophthalmodes -brioptera -"x dolichophallus"// reduces the hits to 125.  Not all are relevant, but it looks like at least half are.  I have not added these to the list below, but I recommend that one of the students start doing so. --- //[[karplus@soe.ucsc.edu|Kevin Karplus]] 2010/04/26 13:14//
+    * //ariolimax// as the sole keyword gets 739 hits---probably too many for us to process.
+    * //ariolimax dolichophallus// gets 47 hits, which are probably all relevant.
+  * Google scholar search
+    * //ariolimax dolichophallus// gets 48 hits, which are probably all relevant.  There is most likely some overlap with the Google Books search.
+    * //ariolimax// alone gets 743 hits---again too many for us.
+    * //dolichiphallus// alone gets 73, some of which are wrong genus.
 ===== Annotated Bibliography =====
+I have uploaded a long bibliography by Janet Leonard {{:ariolimax_bibliography_janet_leonard.doc}}
+Please extract citations from there and work them into this bibliography.
+She has a lot of older works that would be difficult to find electronically, but does not include anything newer than 2002, when she created the bibliography.
+==== General slug biology ====
+  * **Slugs: A Guide to the Invasive and Native Fauna of California**[(cite:california_slugs>
+Slugs: A Guide to the Invasive and Native Fauna of California\\
+Publication Number: 8336\\
+Author: RORY MC DONNELL\\
+Inventory Type: PDF File\\
+ISBN-13: 978-1-60107-564-2
+Copyright Date: 2009\\
+Length: 21 pp.\\
+url: [[http://anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu/pdf/8336.pdf]].)]
+  * **Field guide to the slug**[(cite:field_guide>
+Field guide to the slug by David George Gordon, Western Society of Malcologists, Published in Sasquatch field guide series in 1950. ISBN 1-57061-011-8\\
+url: [[http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=aj-5iUAjvjgC&oi=fnd&pg=PA5&dq=Ariolimax+dolichophallus&ots=wQ60VTR3fN&sig=SEzmpgFPljoPh0cvf93v0U-HICU#v=onepage&q&f=false]].)]
+==== Taxonomy and anatomy for Ariolimax ====
+  * **Revision of the Giant West Coast Land Slugs of the Genus Ariolimax Moerch**[(cite:giant_west_slugs_review>
+Revision of the Giant West Coast Land Slugs of the Genus Ariolimax Moerch (Pulmonata: Arionidae)\\
+Albert R. Mead\\
+American Midland Naturalist, Vol. 30, No. 3 (Nov., 1943), pp. 675-717\\
+Published by: The University of Notre Dame\\
+Stable URL: [[http://www.jstor.org/stable/2421208]].)]
@@ Line 40: / Line 85: @@
 doi:[[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2007.01331.x|10.1111/j.1420-9101.2007.01331.x]].)]
-  * **Palatability of monoterpenoid compositional types of Satureja douglasii to a generalist molluscan herbivore, Ariolimax dolichophallus**[(cite:palatability>
+==== Sexual behavior ====
-Randy L. Rice, David E. Lincoln, Jean H. Langenheim, Palatability of monoterpenoid compositional types of Satureja douglasii to a generalist molluscan herbivore, Ariolimax dolichophallus, Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, Volume 6, Issue 1, 1978, Pages 45-53, ISSN 0305-1978.\\
-doi:[[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(78)90023-6|10.1016/0305-1978(78)90023-6]].)]
   * **The darting game in snails and slugs**[(cite:darting_game>
@@ Line 55: / Line 98: @@
 Nils Anthes, Annika Putz, Nico K. Michiels, Sex role preferences, gender conflict and sperm trading in simultaneous hermaphrodites: a new framework, Animal Behaviour, Volume 72, Issue 1, July 2006, Pages 1-12, ISSN 0003-3472.\\
 doi:[[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2005.09.017|10.1016/j.anbehav.2005.09.017]].)]
-  * **Revision of the Giant West Coast Land Slugs of the Genus Ariolimax Moerch**[(cite:giant_west_slugs_review>
-Revision of the Giant West Coast Land Slugs of the Genus Ariolimax Moerch (Pulmonata: Arionidae)\\
-Albert R. Mead\\
-American Midland Naturalist, Vol. 30, No. 3 (Nov., 1943), pp. 675-717\\
-Published by: The University of Notre Dame\\
-Stable URL: [[http://www.jstor.org/stable/2421208]].)]
   * **Sexual conflict and partner manipulation in the banana slug, Ariolimax dolichophallus**[(cite:partner_manipulation>
@@ Line 99: / Line 135: @@
 doi:[[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/45.5.856|10.1093/icb/45.5.856]].)]
-  * **Slugs: A Guide to the Invasive and Native Fauna of California**[(cite:california_slugs>
-Slugs: A Guide to the Invasive and Native Fauna of California\\
-Publication Number: 8336\\
-Author: RORY MC DONNELL\\
-Inventory Type: PDF File\\
-ISBN-13: 978-1-60107-564-2
-Copyright Date: 2009\\
-Length: 21 pp.\\
-url: [[http://anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu/pdf/8336.pdf]].)]
-  * **Field guide to the slug**[(cite:field_guide>
-Field guide to the slug by David George Gordon, Western Society of Malcologists, Published in Sasquatch field guide series in 1950. ISBN 1-57061-011-8\\
-url: [[http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=aj-5iUAjvjgC&oi=fnd&pg=PA5&dq=Ariolimax+dolichophallus&ots=wQ60VTR3fN&sig=SEzmpgFPljoPh0cvf93v0U-HICU#v=onepage&q&f=false]].)]
   * **The Evolution of male and female reproductive traits in simultaneously hermaphroditic terrestrial gastropods**[(cite:reproductive_traits>
 The Evolution of male and female reproductive traits in simultaneously hermaphroditic terrestrial gastropods.\\
-Kathleen Beese, Doctoral thesis:2003-2007. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Switzerland.\\
+Kathleen Beese, Doctoral thesis:2003-2007. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Switzerland.\\
 url: [[http://edoc.unibas.ch/577/1/DissB_7878.pdf]].)]
-//I think all the Satureja douglasii papers, which only mention A. dolichophallus in passing as something that eats them, should probably be moved to a separate subsection.// --- //[[karplus@soe.ucsc.edu|Kevin Karplus]] 2010/04/23 07:07//
+==== Ariolimax Columbianus and Ariolimax Californicus ====
+  * **The Edibility of Polygyra and Ariolimax** A short note of a German man from Clark County Oregon who claims //Ariolimax Columbianus// has "good flavor" after proper preparation. The slug is washed in dillute vinegar to remove slime, cleaned like a fish and fried in butter. [(cite:Ariolimax_palatibility>
+Allen, J.A. 1916. Edibility of Polygyra and Ariolimax. Nautilus 29, 143.\\
+url: [[http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1815918]].)]
+==== Things Banana Slugs Eat ====
+=== Satureja douglasii ===
+    * **Palatability of monoterpenoid compositional types of Satureja douglasii to a generalist molluscan herbivore, Ariolimax dolichophallus**[(cite:palatability>
+Randy L. Rice, David E. Lincoln, Jean H. Langenheim, Palatability of monoterpenoid compositional types of Satureja douglasii to a generalist molluscan herbivore, Ariolimax dolichophallus, Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, Volume 6, Issue 1, 1978, Pages 45-53, ISSN 0305-1978.\\
+doi:[[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(78)90023-6|10.1016/0305-1978(78)90023-6]].)]
   * **Variation of Satureja douglasii monoterpenoids in relation to light intensity and herbivory**[(cite:monoterpenoid_variation>
@@ Line 138: / Line 174: @@
 doi:[[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(78)90021-2|10.1016/0305-1978(78)90021-2]].)]
-//I think all the Hymenaea courbaril papers, which only mention A. dolichophallus in passing as something that eats them, should probably be moved to a separate subsection.// --- //[[karplus@soe.ucsc.edu|Kevin Karplus]] 2010/04/23 07:07//
+=== Hymenaea courbaril ===
   * **Effect of moisture stress on composition and yield in leaf resin of Hymenaea courbaril**[(cite:moister_stress2>
@@ Line 147: / Line 183: @@
 David R. Crankshaw, Jean H. Langenheim, Variation in terpenes and phenolics through leaf development in Hymenaea and its possible significance to herbivory, Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, Volume 9, Issues 2-3, 10 November 1981, Pages 115-124, ISSN 0305-1978.\\
 doi:[[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(81)90029-6|10.1016/0305-1978(81)90029-6]].)]
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 <refnotes>notes-separator: none</refnotes>
 ~~REFNOTES cite~~

Banana Slug Genomics

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